Why Do More Women than Men Have Alzheimer’s Disease?

While we already know women typically outlive men by a couple of years, did you know more women are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease? Moreover, the numbers are pretty significant as statistics show more than two-thirds of those with Alzheimer’s are women.

Doctors initially assumed the disparity was because women lived longer but studies suggest it may not be that simple. While reaching a more advanced age may be part of the answer, researchers are looking at other factors. Paola Gilsanz, ScD, research scientist, at the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, says, “We’re looking at a variety of factors, including those that are biological and those that are social or cultural.”

Some of the studies involve looking at women’s biological differences including the age of their first menstrual period, age of menopause and the time between the start of the menstrual cycle to menopause. One such study is the Sex and Gender in Alzheimer's (SAGA) program, which is looking at the role biological sex and related genetic, biological, lifestyle and societal factors may play in increasing vulnerability for Alzheimer’s.

As recently as the 2019 Alzheimer's Association's International Conference, scientists presented a study suggesting the disease may even spread differently in the brains of women than in men. While scientists do not yet clearly understand all the different aspects of Alzheimer’s, thanks to an increase in funding for a range of research, they hope to have more answers in the near future.

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